英文合同的詞匯與句型
1、 開場白（合同的當事人背景介紹）
The contract is made and entered into on (day) of (month), (year), by and between: (hereinafter refered as “Party A”), a corporation organized and existing under the law of the state of , with its registered office located at , and (hereinafter refered as “Party B”), an individual , with nationality residing at .
參考：本合同于 年 月 日簽訂，雙方當事人為：依照 州法律組織設立的 公司（以下簡稱“甲方”），主營業地為 ，與 國籍的的 （以下簡稱“乙方），居住于 。
2、 過渡條款
Now therefore, in consideration of the premises and convenants described hereinafter, Party A and Party B agree as follows:
參考：因此，雙方基于各自提供之對價訂立本合同，并做如下約定：
注釋：premises 一般理解為與房屋有關的基礎不動產或住所。
但英文合同中一般理解為“前提條件”，此處引申為“對價”
3、 結尾條款
In witness whereof , the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by duly authorized representative of both parties on the date and year first written above .
參考：本合同由被正當授權之人，于本協議于上述記載之日期代表雙方當事人訂立，特此證明。
注釋：execute 英文合同中，常被翻譯為“簽署”，而非“執行”
Professor Carson Block, Esq. is a New York-qualified attorney. He is an adjunct professor of the Chicago-Kent College of Law, teaching in its overseas program in Shanghai. Previously, Carson practiced law in an international law firm（Shanghai Office）.
Professor Hope E. Hancock, Esq. was a prosecutor in Washington. D.C. She is a professor instructing students doing PhD degree in a famous law school. She is an expert in contract drafting, legal negotiation and legal English application.
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4、 favor
in favor of sb.等同于 in one’s favor 主要有兩種含義
（1） 以某人為受益人
We have instructed our bank to open an irrevocable documentary letter of credit in your favor.The amount is $ 1300.00
參考：我們已通知我方銀行開立以你方為受益人的、不可撤銷的跟單信用證，其金額為一千三百美金。
注釋：irrevocable 是指 不可撤銷 詞根為 revoke 指撤銷
（2） 有利于某人
The balance of power between contracting parties usually tips in favor of the party who drafts the written contract.
參考: 合同雙方的締約力量的天平常常向起草者傾斜。
注釋：balance 除表示平衡以外，還常常表示 結余 比如：account balance 賬號結余
5、 subject to sth.
(1) 遵守，遵從
The letter of credit is subject to the Union Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits(1983 Revision), International chamber of commerce, Publication No.400.
參考：本信用證遵守國際商會第400號出版物，即《跟單信用證統一規則（1983年修訂版）》
(2) 根據（法律、法規、合同等）
Subject of this section ,an appeal shall be brought in such manner and shall be subject to such conditions as are prescribed by rules made under subsection(5)
參考：根據本條規定，上訴應當根據第（5）款訂立的規則規定的方式提出，并需受該規則所規定的條件限制。
（3）作動詞用，意思是“服從于。。。。。。”，“隸屬于。。。。”，“使經受。。。。。”
Rates of exchange often subject to alteration.
參考：匯率經常處于變動中。
Ancient Rome subject at most of Europe to her rule.
參考：古羅馬征服了大半個歐洲。
We must subject all the application to careful scruting.
參考：我方必須對所有的申請進行仔細的審查。
（3） 引申含義“辦理”“存在”
Where validity of a contract is subject to any procedure such as approval or registration.etc.as required by a relevant law or administrative regulation, such provision shall govern.
參考：法律、行政法規規定應當辦理批準、登記等手續生效的，依照其規定。
注釋：“應當辦理XX手續”的結構，還可以直接使用“go through famality”
例句：
Where a standard term is subject to two or more interpretations ,it shall be interpreted against the party providing it.Where a discrepancy exists between the standard term and a non-standard term,the non-standard term prevails.
參考：對格式條款有兩種以上解釋的，應當作出不利于提供格式條款一方的解釋。格式條款和非格式條款不一致的，應當采用非格式條款。1
1、Chitty on contracts
個人以為該書為目前最全面的英國合同法教材
2、Treitel:the law of contract
個人以為該書為目前最深刻的英國合同法教材
3、Ewan mckendrick:contract law text,cases and materials
個人以為該書為目前最精彩的英國合同法案例教材
4、Cheshire,Fifoot and Furmston's law of contract
該書為丹寧勛爵最推崇的英國合同法教材
5、 J Beatson :Anson's law of contract
該書為梁慧星教授最推崇的英國合同法教材
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